Category: Castles & Palaces

Category: Castles & Palaces

Kuyavia-Pomerania (Kujawsko-Pomorskie)

Kuyavia-Pomerania

Kuyavia-Pomerania – updated 19 January 2023.

The Kuyavia-Pomerania (Kujawsko-Pomorskie) region in Poland is located in the north-central part of the country, and is known for its beautiful landscapes, rich history, and cultural heritage. The region is bordered by the Vistula River and the Masurian Lake District to the east, the Pomeranian Voivodeship to the north, and the Greater Poland Voivodeship to the south.

Main cities & towns

The main towns and cities in the Kuyavia-Pomerania (Kujawsko-Pomorskie) region of Poland include:

  1. Bydgoszcz: The capital of the region and one of the main economic and cultural centers of the region. It is known for its historic buildings and monuments, such as the Gothic-style St. Martin’s Church, the Baroque-style Town Hall, and the Opera Nova, as well as for its industrial development and modern infrastructure.
  2. Toruń: This is one of the oldest cities in Poland and is known for its well-preserved medieval Old Town, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Toruń is also famous for being the birthplace of the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.
  3. Grudziądz: This is a charming town located on the banks of the Vistula River, it’s known for its rich history and cultural heritage, and for its well-preserved medieval Old Town.
  4. Włocławek: This is an important economic center of the region and is known for its industrial development, particularly in the field of textiles. The city also has a rich cultural heritage and is home to several historic buildings and monuments.
  5. Inowrocław: This is a charming town with a rich history and cultural heritage, it’s known for its beautiful parks, historic churches, and the Inowrocław Saltworks, which is one of the oldest and most important salt mines in Poland.
  6. Brodnica: This is a small town with a rich history and cultural heritage, it’s known for its well-preserved medieval Old Town, its historic church and the Gothic-style town hall.

These are some of the main towns and cities of the Kuyavia-Pomerania region, but the region is also home to several other smaller towns and villages, each with its own unique history, culture and attractions.

Natural landscapes

One of the main attractions of the Kuyavia-Pomerania region is the beautiful natural landscapes. The region is home to the Tuchola Forest, one of the largest and most diverse forests in Poland. The forest is a popular destination for hiking, camping, and wildlife watching, and is home to a variety of plant and animal species.

Lakes & rivers

The region is also home to several beautiful lakes and rivers, such as the Charzykowska Lake, the largest lake in the region, and the Brda River, which is popular for canoeing and fishing. The region is also home to the Wda Landscape Park, which is a beautiful area of rolling hills, meadows, and forests that is perfect for hiking and cycling.

Opera Nova

Rich history and cultural heritage

The Kuyavia-Pomerania region is also known for its rich history and cultural heritage. The city of Bydgoszcz, which is the capital of the region, is home to several historic buildings and monuments, including the Gothic-style St. Martin’s Church, the Baroque-style Town Hall, and the Opera Nova, which is one of the most modern opera houses in Europe.

Kuyavia-Pomerania

Castles & palaces

The region is also home to several historic castles and palaces, such as the Ciechocinek Palace, the Golub-Dobrzyń Castle, and the Rydzyna Castle, which are popular tourist attractions. The region is also known for its traditional crafts, such as pottery, woodcarving, and weaving, and visitors can find a wide variety of handmade goods at local markets and shops.

Industry and commerce

The Kuyavia-Pomerania region is also an important center of industry and commerce. The region is home to several large manufacturing companies, including the Bydgoszcz Industrial Park, which is home to several leading companies in the automotive and electronics industries.

Off the beaten path

Despite its industrial development, the Kuyavia-Pomerania region remains a relatively undiscovered destination in Poland. Visitors to the area will find a unique blend of natural beauty, rich history, and cultural heritage that makes it a great destination for those looking to explore off the beaten path.

Kuyavia-Pomerania

Biskupin

Biskupin is an archaeological site located in Poland, in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region. It is an ancient fortified settlement that was built by the Lusatian culture, an early Iron Age culture that existed in Central Europe between the 8th and 5th centuries BCE. The settlement was discovered in 1933 by archaeologist Józef Kostrzewski, and is now considered one of the most important archaeological sites in Poland.

Hidden gem

In conclusion, the Kuyavia-Pomerania region of Poland is a hidden gem that offers a unique blend of natural beauty, rich history, and cultural heritage. The Tuchola Forest, the lakes, and the Wda Landscape Park are perfect for outdoor enthusiasts, while the traditional crafts and historic buildings and monuments of the region are perfect for those looking to experience the local culture. The region’s industrial development also makes it an important center of commerce in Poland. It’s a destination that should not be missed for those who are interested in exploring Poland.

FAQ

Q: What is the Kuyavia-Pomerania (Kujawsko-Pomorskie) region in Poland known for?

A: The Kuyavia-Pomerania region in Poland is known for its beautiful landscapes, rich history, and cultural heritage. The Tuchola Forest, the lakes, and the Wda Landscape Park are popular destinations for outdoor enthusiasts, while the traditional crafts, historic buildings and monuments are popular among those interested in experiencing the local culture. The region is also an important center of industry and commerce in Poland.

Q: What are some popular things to do in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region?

A: Popular activities in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region include hiking in the Tuchola Forest, visiting the beautiful lakes and rivers, exploring historic buildings and monuments, visiting the Bydgoszcz Industrial Park to learn about the region’s industrial development and experiencing traditional crafts, local cuisine and culture.

Q: What are some popular traditional crafts in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region?

A: Traditional crafts in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region include pottery, woodcarving, and weaving. Visitors to the area can find a wide variety of handmade goods at local markets and shops.

Q: What are some popular dishes in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region?

A: The Kuyavia-Pomerania region has a rich culinary heritage, which includes traditional dishes such as kiełbasa, kaszanka, and kapuśniak, among others. Visitors can find many local restaurants and taverns that specialize in regional cuisine.

Q: How can I get to the Kuyavia-Pomerania region?

A: The Kuyavia-Pomerania region is located in north-central Poland. The main city of the region is Bydgoszcz, which can be reached by train or bus from other major cities in Poland. The region is also easily accessible by car and has good road connections.

Q: Are there any national parks in the Kuyavia-Pomerania region?

A: Yes, the Tuchola Forest is one of the main attraction of the Kuyavia-Pomerania region, it’s a national park and it’s one of the largest and most diverse forests in Poland. The forest is a popular destination for hiking, camping, and wildlife watching.

Torun Tours & Attractions

Old City of Zamosc

Zamosc Old City

Old City of Zamosc – updated 10 January 2023.

The Old City is the oldest historic district of the city of Zamość and is unique in Poland as an almost perfectly preserved example of 16th-century Renaissance town planning. It was made a Unesco World Heritage site in 1992. The district was named one of Poland’s official national Historic Monuments, as designated 16th September 1994 and its listing is maintained by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

Old City Zamosc

Ideal City

The Old City of Zamosc was founded in the 16th century by a wealthy Polish nobleman, Jan Zamoyski (1542−1605), and was modelled on Italian theories of the ‘ideal city’. Jan hired a Paduan architect by the name of Bernando Morando to realise his dream.

The layout of the town was supposedly designed to resemble the human body with the palace as its head, Grodzka Street as the spine and side streets, such as Solna or Moranda acting as the arms.

Old City Zamosc

International Trading centre

The city was located on the trade route linking western and northern Europe with the Black Sea and was an important multinational trading centre known for its high level of religious tolerance.

It has retained its original rectilinear street layout and fortifications and a large number of buildings that combine Italian and central European architectural traditions.

Old City Zamosc

Pearl of the Renaissance

The city of Zamość is often referred to as the ‘Pearl of the Renaissance’ and the ‘Padua of the North’ and has two distinct sections. To the east is the town, which is laid out around three market squares (the Grand Market Square, the Salt Market Square and the Water Market Square) and to the west is the Zamoyski palace.

The central Grand Market Square is located at the junction of the town’s two main axial streets. Here you will find the magnificent Town Hall, arcaded galleries, restaurants, and old merchants’ houses.

Notable buildings in the Old City of Zamosc include Zamość City Hall, Zamość Cathedral, Zamość Synagogue, Zamojski Academy, and the Zamojski Palace.

The Old Town is surrounded by the remains of the Zamość Fortress.

FAQ

Q: What is the Old City of Zamosc?

A: The Old City is a historic district located in the town of Zamosc, in southeast Poland. It is a well-preserved example of Renaissance urban planning, with a complex system of fortifications and a unique collection of public and private buildings. The Old City was built in the 16th century by Jan Zamoyski, a wealthy nobleman and the founder of the city. It has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Q: What are some of the notable features of the Old City?

A: The Old City is known for its well-preserved Renaissance architecture, including the magnificent town hall, several churches, and a large number of burgher houses. The city’s fortifications, which include walls, towers, and bastions, are also a notable feature, as they are one of the best-preserved examples of Renaissance military architecture in Europe. Other points of interest include the market square, the city gates, and the many beautiful gardens and parks that are found throughout the city.

Q: When is the best time to visit the Old City of Zamosc?

A: The best time to visit is during the summer months of June through September, when the weather is warm and pleasant, and the city’s many parks and gardens are in full bloom. However, if you are looking to experience the city’s many cultural and historical events, it is recommended to visit during the spring and fall.

Q: What kind of accommodation can be found in Zamosc?

A: There are several accommodation options available in Zamosc, including hotels, guesthouses, and apartments. Many of these options are located within the Old City and are housed in restored historical buildings. Some options can be found also just outside the walls but still in the city.

Q: Are there any tours available of the Old City?

A: Yes, there are many tour operators that offer guided tours of the Old City of Zamosc. These tours typically include visits to the city’s main historical and cultural sites, as well as information about the history and architecture of the city. Some of the tour also include the region of Zamość. The tours can be done on foot or by car depending on the company and package you choose

Q: Are there any nearby attractions?

A: Yes, there are many nearby attractions to the Old City, including:

  • The Solska Forest, a beautiful nature reserve with hiking trails and an observation tower
  • The Zamoyski Museum, which is located in the city’s palace and showcases the history and culture of the region
  • The St. John the Baptist Church, a beautiful baroque church located on the edge of the Old City.
  • Lubań, a small charming town close by, known for the traditional wooden houses and the nature around.
  • The Bieszczady Mountains and the Biebrza National Park are also located not far from the city, and offer great opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, and wildlife watching.

Muskauer Park

Muskauer

Muskauer Park – updated 10 January 2023.

Muskauer Park (also known as “Muzakowski Park Narodowy” in Polish) is a large park that straddles the border between Germany and Poland. It is located in the Lower Lusatia region of Germany, and the Lubuskie province of Poland. The park was designed in the mid-19th century by the German landscape architect, Peter Joseph Lenné, and was later expanded and refined by his student, Hermann von Pückler-Muskau.

The park is the largest and one of the most famous English gardens in Central Europe, stretching along both sides of the German and Polish border. It was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites on 2nd July 2004. The park also stands as one of Poland’s official Historic Monuments, as designated 1st May 2004, and tracked by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

Muskauer Park

Schloss Muskau

The park is known for its picturesque landscapes, which include rolling hills, lakes, and rivers. It also features a wide variety of plant life, including both native and exotic species. There are several historic buildings located within the park, including the Muskau Castle, which is a restored 18th-century palace that now serves as a hotel and restaurant.

The largest proportion of the park is located in Poland (3.5 sq km) with the remaining 2.1 sq km within Germany.

Muskauer Park

Park on Terraces

The castle (Schloss) is situated on the German side of the park, the heart of the park called the. ‘Park on Terraces’ is located within Poland. In 2003 a pedestrian bridge spanning the Neisse was rebuilt to connect both parts.

Muskauer was designed to blend seamlessly with the surrounding farmed landscape, and it pioneered new approaches to landscape design and contributed to the advancement of landscape architecture as a discipline.

Unlike many landscaped parks in Europe, the objective of the park design was to use local plants to enhance the qualities of the existing landscape and to integrate the local town as part of the development using green passages that formed urban parks. It is an example of a cultural landscape in which the site’s natural attributes have been harnessed with the utmost skill and includes a reconstructed castle, bridges, an arboretum, the river Neisse, water features, buildings, forested areas and paths.

Muskauer Park

Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau

Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau was the definition of a cad who famously married an older and very rich woman to raise funds for the development of the park, only to formally divorce her a few years later to look for another fortune to finance the garden’s maintenance. In the mid-1840s, the prince sold the park to Prince Frederik of the Netherlands to avoid bankruptcy.

The park receives thousands of visitors every year, and is popular among tourists, hikers, and nature enthusiasts. It’s a great place to relax and enjoy nature, as well as learn about the history and culture of the region.

FAQ

Here are some frequently asked questions about Muskauer Park:

Q: What is the history of the park?

A: The park was created in the 19th century by Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau, a German nobleman and landscape architect, who transformed a hunting ground into a romantic landscape park with a variety of architectural and landscape features. The park was designed to be an idealized representation of nature, with winding paths, scenic lakes, and diverse flora and fauna. The Park is considered one of the most important English-style parks in Europe. After WWII the park was divided between Poland and Germany, but recently both countries agreed on cross-border cooperation and the park is being restored to it’s former glory.

Q: What kind of features can be seen in Muskauer Park?

A: The park features a variety of architectural and landscape features, including winding paths, scenic lakes, picturesque bridges, and diverse flora and fauna. Visitors can also see historic buildings such as the Chinese teahouse, a Gothic Revival castle, a large hunting lodge and the main palace of Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau which was re-built as an art center. The park is also home to a variety of different plant species, including deciduous and coniferous trees, as well as a rich variety of birds and other wildlife.

Q: Is the park a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

A: Yes, the park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, added to the list in 2004, as part of the “Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski”

Q: What can be seen there?

A: Visitors to the park can see the picturesque landscapes, historic buildings, and natural beauty of the park, as well as learn about its history and cultural heritage. There are many trails for walking, cycling and horse-riding, the park is also a popular spot for bird-watching, fishing and other nature activities. Visitors can also take guided tours or attend some of the cultural events that are regularly held in the park.

Q: How to get there?

A: Muskauer is located in the border of Poland and Germany, in the region of Lower Silesia. The nearest major city is Görlitz in Germany, but it can also be reached by car or public transport from other cities like Wrocław, Legnica or Zgorzelec.

Q: What is the best time to visit Muskauer?

A: The best time to visit the park would depend on your personal preferences. The park is open year-round and it can be enjoyed in any season, but the most pleasant time to visit would be in the warmer months when the weather is more favorable, and the nature is in full bloom. The park is also great to visit in autumn when the leaves change color. The park also hosts some seasonal events, such as concerts and guided tours, which could add to the experience of visiting at a specific time.

Visit the official Muskauer Park website.

Medieval Town of Torun

Torun Medieval Town

Medieval Town of Torun – updated 10 January 2023.

The Medieval Town owes its origins to the Teutonic Order, which built a castle in the town in the mid-13th century as a base for the conquest and evangelisation of Prussia. This acted as a catalyst for the growth, importance and popularity of the town and it soon developed a commercial role as part of the Hanseatic League.

Medieval Town Torun

Nicolaus Copernicus

In the old and new town, the many imposing public and private buildings from the 14th and 15th centuries (among them the house of Nicolaus Copernicus) are striking evidence of Torun’s stature.

Toruń is a remarkably well-preserved example of a medieval European trading and administrative centre. The city was founded in the period when Christianity was being spread through Eastern Europe by the military monks of the Teutonic Order, and when rapid growth in trade between the countries of the Baltic Sea and Eastern Europe was being spurred by the Hanseatic League.

The Medieval Town of Torun is comprised of three elements: the ruins of the Teutonic Castle, the Old Town, and the New Town, all surrounded by a circuit of defensive walls.

The castle

The majority of the castle was destroyed during an uprising in 1454, when the local townspeople revolted against the Teutonic Order. The ruins and the archaeological remains have been excavated and safeguarded.

An exceptionally complete picture of the medieval way of life is illustrated in the original street patterns and early buildings of Toruń. Both the Old Town and the New Town have Gothic parish churches and numerous fine medieval brick townhouses, many of which have retained their original Gothic façades, partition walls, stucco-decorated ceilings, vaulted cellars, and painted decoration.

Medieval Town Torun

Townhouses

Many townhouses in Toruń were used for both residential and commercial purposes. A fine example is the house in which Nicolaus Copernicus was reputedly born in 1473; it has been preserved as a museum devoted to the famous astronomer’s life and achievements.

The townhouses often included storage facilities and remarkable brick granaries, some of which were up to five storeys high. Because so many houses have survived from this period, the medieval plots are for the most part still preserved, delineated by their original brick boundary walls.

Today, the Medieval Town of Torun shares the title of capital city of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship with the city of Bydgoszcz. The entire city is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site for being an unusually well-preserved example of a medieval European trading and administrative centre.

The Medieval Town of Torun has benefited from numerous renovation projects in recent years, in particular the Old Town area. Buildings, pavements, streets and squares have been painstakingly reconstructed reversing them to their historic appearance.

FAQ

The Medieval Town of Torun is a historical city located in northern Poland, known for its well-preserved medieval architecture and rich cultural heritage. Here are some frequently asked questions about the Medieval Town of Torun:

Q: What is the history of the Medieval Town?

A: The Medieval Town was founded in the 13th century by the Teutonic Knights, a German medieval Christian military order. It quickly grew in importance as a trade and cultural center, and it was known for its production of textiles, ceramics, and gingerbread. Torun was also an important center of learning, and the famous astronomer Copernicus was born and studied in the city. Torun suffered considerable damage during WWII, but it has been carefully restored to its medieval appearance and is now a popular tourist destination.

Q: What kind of architecture can be seen in the Medieval Town?

A: It is known for its well-preserved medieval architecture, particularly Gothic-style buildings from the 14th and 15th centuries. The city is home to a number of churches, including the Church of the Holy Spirit, which has a beautifully decorated interior and an ornate bell tower. Visitors can also see the town hall, which dates back to the 14th century, as well as the city walls and defensive towers, which have been preserved and restored.

Q: Is the Medieval Town of Torun a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

A: Yes, the Medieval Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, added to the list in 1997.

Q: What can be seen there?

A: Visitors to the Medieval Town can see the well-preserved medieval architecture, and take a stroll through the charming and picturesque streets of the Old Town, which is home to many historical buildings and landmarks. Visitors can also visit the Copernicus Museum, which is dedicated to the life and work of the famous astronomer, and the Gingerbread Museum which showcases the traditional craft of gingerbread-making. There are also many shops, cafes, and restaurants where visitors can try the famous Torun gingerbread and other local specialties.

Q: How to get there?

A: The Medieval Town is located in northern Poland. It can be reached by car, train or by bus. The nearest airport is in Bydgoszcz, which is around 30 km away. There are also regular train and bus connections to Torun from other major cities in Poland.

Q: What is the best time to visit?

A: The best time to visit Medieval Town would depend on your personal preferences. The town is open year-round, but it may be more pleasant to visit during the warmer months when the weather is more favorable. The Medieval Town of Torun also has a number of festivals, events and cultural happenings throughout the year such as the Copernicus Festival, the Gingerbread Festival, and Torun Night of Museums that could be interesting to attend and plan the visit accordingly.

Recommended tour

Treblinka Concentration Camp

What to expect from this tour

Highlights

  • Admire the beauty of Torun and its highlights with your local expert guide
  • Explore town among Medieval sights of the city and listen incredible stories
  • Look around at remains of Teutonic Castle and Defensive City Walls
  • Hear about famous Nicolaus Copernicus, & the Teutonic Knights
  • Enjoy a private tour with only your family and friends

Description

Small, adorable, charming with a big history. All these words perfectly described Torun city. Admire an authentic Old Town city which wasn’t destroyed during the wars. It has one of the most beautiful town squares in all of Europe. As a historic site Torun ranks as high as Cracow or Gdansk. It was even included in the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage List.

Start your 2-hours tour from Theatre of Wilam Horzycy and admire this white and nice building. Next you will see the Planetarium – the unique attraction showing lesson about universe. During this trip you will discover many interesting monuments as John Paul II, Nicolaus Copernicus, the Donkey and more. Look inside fair Church of Holy Spirit. Hear the legend and try to stand upright under the Leaning Tower. Feel the vibe of Market Square and Arthur’s Court. Stop at scenic spot and look at beautiful Vistula River. Then continue to the stunning Cathedral of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist.

To explore the city even better choose 3-hours option and follow guide to discover ruins of Church and Dominican monastery. Walk toward remains of Teutonic Knights – Medieval Defensive City Walls which symbolizes old-time power of knights. Now you can step like one of them. See also a unique and nice construction of Baj Theatre.

In 4-hours option you will also enter fantastic Museum House of Nicolas Copernicus. The exhibitions show his life, his history and achievements. Get familiar with history of the most known astronomer and scientist who change the way of thinking about world. Step into his cosmos world in his authentic house.

Included

  • Private walking tour in Torun led by licensed guide
  • Tickets entrance to Museum House of Nicolaus Copernicus (in 4-hours option)
  • Visit at Cathedral of St. John the Baptist and Evangelist (no admission)
  • Pick up from the hotel (only hotels in Torun Old Town)
  • Tour program adapted to the preferences of the group
  • Tips about local restaurants, patisserie, pubs

Other tours & attractions

Historic Centre of Warsaw

Warsaw Historic Centre

Historic Centre of Warsaw – updated 10 January 2023.

The Historic Centre of Warsaw is the oldest part of the city. The heart of the area is the Old Town Market Place, which is very popular with tourists and contains many restaurants, cafés, bars and shops. Surrounding streets feature medieval architecture such as the city walls, St. John’s Cathedral and the Barbican which links the Old Town with Warsaw New Town.

Historic centre Warsaw

World War II

In excess of 85% of the historic centre of Warsaw was deliberately destroyed during World War II by Nazi Germany. A meticulous restoration of the Old Town took place after the war and this included its important religious buildings, the Royal Castle, Old Town Market, townhouses, and the circuit of the city walls. It is an outstanding example of a near-total reconstruction of a span of history covering the 13th to the 20th century.

Where possible, original bricks and decorative elements found in the rubble were reused during the reconstruction, which was not entirely accurate to pre-war Warsaw but more of a mix between pre-war Warsaw and an earlier period. The objective was to reconstruct but at the same time, try to improve on the original.

Historic centre Warsaw

Old Town Market Place

The 13th century Old Town Market Place was the true heart of the Old Town and until the end of the 18th century it was the heart of all of Warsaw. Prior to the great fire of 1607, the buildings around the square were Gothic in style, after the fire, they were rebuilt in late-Renaissance style.

Castle Square

When approaching the Old Town from the centre of Warsaw, your first view of the reconstructed Old Town is Castle Square, dominated by Zygmunt’s Column, which towers above the beautiful Old Town houses.

Historic centre Warsaw

Royal Castle

Royal Castle Warsaw is an exceptional copy of the original red-brick castle, which was destroyed by the Germans in WWII. The very first version of the castle was actually a wooden stronghold dating back to the 14th century built for the dukes of Mazovia and since then it has been the residence of Polish kings in addition to being the home of the president and also the seat of parliament.

FAQ

Here are some common questions and answers that you might find helpful:

Q: Where is the Historic Centre of Warsaw located?
A: The Historic Centre is located in the heart of the city of Warsaw, Poland. It is situated between the Vistula River and the Old Town.

Q: When was the Historic Centre of Warsaw designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A: The Historic Centre of Warsaw was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.

Q: What is the history of the Historic Centre of Warsaw?
A: The Historic Centre has a long and complex history. The Old Town, which is a part of the Historic Centre, is one of the most well-preserved examples of medieval architecture in Europe. The Old Town was almost entirely destroyed during World War II but was rebuilt in the 1950s and 1960s to resemble its pre-war appearance. The Royal Castle, which sits on the Castle Square, is one of the most important buildings in the Historic Centre of Warsaw, and it served as the residence of Polish kings. The Old Town Market Place, surrounded by burgher houses, merchants’ tenements and the city walls is a heart of the Old Town.

Q: What can I see on a visit to the Historic Centre of Warsaw?
A: Visitors can explore the charming streets and squares of the Old Town, admire the many beautiful buildings and churches, and visit museums and galleries. Some of the must-see sites include the Royal Castle, the Old Town Market Place, St. John’s Cathedral, the Barbican, the Royal Route and the Warsaw Rising Museum. Visitors can also take a stroll along the Royal Route, which is a historical and architectural route that connects the Royal Castle with the Wilanowski Palace.

Q: Is the Historic Centre of Warsaw open to visitors?
A: The Historic Centre is open to visitors year-round, but please check the official website for current opening hours and any potential restrictions.

Q: How long does a visit to the Historic Centre of Warsaw last?
A: A visit can last anywhere from a few hours to several days, depending on how much you want to see and do.

Q: Are there any special requirements to visit the Historic Centre of Warsaw?
A: There are no special requirements to visit the Historic Centre, but visitors should be aware that many of the buildings and museums have limited accessibility for people with disabilities.

Q: Are there any other things to do in the area?
A: Warsaw is a vibrant and culturally rich city with many things to see and do beyond the Historic Centre. Some popular attractions include the Lazienki Park, the Chopin Museum, the Warsaw Uprising Museum, the National Museum, and the Wilanowski Palace. The city also has a vibrant nightlife and delicious cuisine, with many great restaurants and bars to choose from.

Warsaw Tours & Experiences

Historic Centre of Krakow

Krakow Historic Centre

Historic Centre of Krakow – updated 10 January 2023.

The historic centre of Krakow has been featured on UNESCO’s World Heritage List since 1978. Packed full of restaurants, museums, galleries and bars, the medieval layout of the Old Town has not changed for centuries.

Main market square

The heart and focal point of the historic centre of Krakow is its graceful main market square, the largest medieval town square of any European city.

Most visitors to Krakow visit the market square with its Cloth Hall, the Church of the Holy Mary, Wawel Hill and its Royal Castle, Wawel Cathedral with its outstanding Renaissance chapel, the Barbican and St. Florian’s Gate.

Historic Centre of Krakow

Wawel Royal Castle

Wawel Royal Castle and the limestone Wawel Hill are extremely important historical and cultural sites containing one of the most important collection of buildings in Poland. Wawel was once the seat of Polish rulers, the residence of kings and the focal point of many Polish historical events. The hill is a symbol of the Polish nation and has witnessed some of the greatest moments in Polish history. Many Polish kings have been laid to rest below Wawel Cathedral.

Historic Centre of Krakow

Jewish quarter

The Jewish quarter of Kazimierz features a wealth of Jewish heritage with its 16th century cemetery and seven synagogues of which one is now the Jewish Museum.

The historic centre of Krakow was once surrounded by a 3km long defensive wall complete with 46 towers and seven main entrances. Today only a fragment of the old fortifications remains including the Florian Gate, the Barbican and a few towers.

Underground Museum

Beneath the city of Krakow and housed within the underground corridors of the market square, you will find a museum, which showcases how the city looked and felt during the Middle Ages complete with stone roads with potholes made by cartwheels during the 13th century.

Historic Centre of Krakow

Royal Road

The historic centre of Krakow is bisected by the Royal Road, the coronation route traversed by the Kings of Poland. The Route begins at St. Florian's Church outside the northern flank of the old city walls in the medieval suburb of Kleparz; passes the Barbican of Krakow built in 1499 and enters Stare Miasto through the Florian Gate. It leads down Floriańska Street through the Main Square, and up Grodzka to Wawel, the former seat of Polish royalty overlooking the Vistula River.

FAQ

Here are some common questions and answers that you might find helpful:

Q: Where is the Historic Centre of Krakow located?
A: The Historic Centre is located in the heart of the city of Krakow, Poland, surrounded by the Planty Park, which is a ring of public gardens that encircles the Old Town.

Q: When was the Historic Centre of Krakow designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A: It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978.

Q: What is the history of the Historic Centre of Krakow?
A: The Historic Centre is a well-preserved example of a medieval European town. The city played an important role in the development of the Polish state, and many of its buildings have survived from the Middle Ages. The Main Market Square is the largest medieval market square in Europe and features the Gothic St. Mary's Basilica, the Cloth Hall and the Town Hall Tower. The Wawel Castle and the Wawel Cathedral, which sit on the Wawel Hill, are also iconic landmarks of the Historic Centre of Krakow.

Q: What can I see on a visit to the Historic Centre of Krakow?
A: Visitors can explore the charming streets and squares of the Old Town, admire the many beautiful buildings and churches, and visit museums and galleries. Some of the must-see sites include the Main Market Square, Wawel Castle and Wawel Cathedral, St. Mary's Basilica, the Cloth Hall, and the Town Hall Tower. You can also take a stroll along the Royal Route, which is a historical and architectural route that connect the Wawel Castle and the Main Market Square.

Q: Is the Historic Centre of Krakow open to visitors?
A: It is open to visitors year-round, but please check the official website for current opening hours and any potential restrictions.

Q: How long does a visit to the Historic Centre of Krakow last?
A: A visit to the Historic Centre can last anywhere from a few hours to several days, depending on how much you want to see and do.

Q: Are there any special requirements to visit the Historic Centre of Krakow?
A: There are no special requirements to visit the Historic Centre, but visitors should be aware that many of the buildings and museums have limited accessibility for people with disabilities.

Q: Are there any other things to do in the area?
A: Krakow is a vibrant and culturally rich city with many things to see and do beyond the Historic Centre. Some popular attractions include the Jagiellonian University, the Kazimierz district (historical Jewish Quarter), the Oskar Schindler Factory Museum and the Wieliczka Salt Mine, which are all nearby.

Krakow Old Town Tours & Experiences

Riese Complex

Project Riese

Riese Complex – updated 15 January 2023.

Project Riese (German for “Giant”) was a construction project undertaken by Nazi Germany during World War II in the Owl Mountains and Kłodzko Valley of occupied Poland. The exact purpose of the project is not known, but it is believed to have been a complex of underground facilities, including factories, research centers and military command centers. The project was named after the German word for “giant” because of the large scale of the construction.

Riese

Abandoned

The project was begun in 1943 and was never completed, as it was abandoned in 1945 as the war was coming to an end. The construction was carried out by prisoners of war and forced laborers, many of whom died during the course of the project.

Theories

There are many theories about the true purpose of Project Riese, some suggest that it was intended as an underground military command center, while others believe it was to be a factory for the production of advanced weapons or a research facility for developing new technologies. Some even suggest that it was intended as a secret underground city or a bunker for high-ranking Nazi officials. However, none of these theories has been conclusively proven, and the true purpose of Project Riese remains a mystery.

Two things are certain, the size of the project was immense and none of the constructions were finished. Only a few tunnels were reinforced with concrete. Project Riese was abandoned at the initial stage of construction and only 9 km (25,000 m2, 100,000 m3) of tunnels were dug out.

Tourist attraction

Today, some of the underground facilities are open to the public as tourist attractions and visitors can explore the tunnels and see the remains of the unfinished construction.

Riese

Construction

A massive network of roads, narrow gauge railways and bridges were constructed to connect excavation sites with the nearby railway stations. In total, some 90,000 cubic metres of tunnels were carved into the mountains, the work involved to do this was strenuous and involved cutting down thousands of trees, building dams, digging reservoirs and drainage ditches, blasting rocks with explosives and reinforcing caverns with concrete and steel.

Access points

Seven major access points were constructed to separate tunnel systems at Walim-Rzeczka, Włodarz, Jugowice, Soboń, Sokolec, Osówka and Książ Castle.

Książ Castle

POW

To build these giant structures, the Nazis used prisoners of war, prisoners from concentration camps and forced labourers. Many of these workers lost their lives due to disease, malnutrition, exhaustion & dangerous underground works.

Typhus

Initially, concentration camp prisoners were not used; however a typhus epidemic occurred amongst the workforce in December 1943 significantly slowing down production. Hitler handed over supervision of construction to Organisation Todt, headed by Albert Speer, Hitler’s chief architect and engineer and around 13,000 prisoners of the camps were put to work, many conscripted from Auschwitz concentration camp.

Albert Speer

Interestingly, Albert Speer himself stated that the Riese Project involved some 213,000 cubic metres of tunnels. Today, less than 100,000 are accounted for, suggesting that there are many tunnels and parts of the project still to be discovered. This is technically supported by the existence of narrow-gauge railways and plumbing that appear to lead nowhere, witness accounts also support this account.

Amber Room

113,000 cubic metres of undiscovered tunnels and a lack of documentation as to the purpose of the project has led to numerous conspiracy theories over the years. The favourite is that the tunnels were constructed to hide confiscated Nazi treasure including the famous Amber Room which disappeared from Saint Petersburg and missing gold and art from multiple locations around Europe. An area outside Wałbrzych was the focus of a story about a buried 'Nazi gold train' in August 2015 and today, the areas still attracts treasure hunters in search of their fortunes.

FAQ

Q: When was Project Riese started?
A: Project Riese was started in 1943, during World War II, by Nazi Germany.

Q: Where is Project Riese located?
A: Project Riese is located in the Owl Mountains and Kłodzko Valley of occupied Poland.

Q: Who built Project Riese?
A: Project Riese was built by Nazi Germany, using prisoners of war and forced laborers.

Q: What was the purpose of Project Riese?
A: The exact purpose of Project Riese is not known, but it is believed to have been a complex of underground facilities, including factories, research centers, and military command centers.

Q: Was Project Riese completed?
A: No, the project was abandoned in 1945 as the war was coming to an end.

Q: Is Project Riese open to the public?
A: Some of the underground facilities are open to the public as tourist attractions and visitors can explore the tunnels and see the remains of the unfinished construction.

Tour to discover the secrets of World War II from Wroclaw

Tour to discover the secrets of World War II from Wroclaw

Let yout guide take you along the track of the biggest secrets of World War II in Lower Silesia. See The Osowka complex, which is a part of Nazi Riese Project and Gross-Rosen concentration camp.

The Osowka complex has been part of an impressive project conducted by Nazi Germany between 1943 and 1945 (code name “Riese”). The mysterious structure called “underground city” still hasn’t revealed all of its secrets. Discover the biggest and the most complex of Hitler’s headquarters in Lower Silesia. This complex is believed to be Adolf Hitler’s secret headquarters built in the Owl Mountains. This part of the tour is with live guide.

Ksiaz Castle is the third largest castle in Poland, placed on a impressive rock cliff by the side of the Pelcznica River. Surrounded by a charming forest which lays 395 meter above sea level, this castle is often called ‘the Pearl of Lower Silesia’. This part of the tour is with audio guide.

Lastly you will visit the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, the biggest Nazi-German concentration camp in Lower Silesia, where inmates worked in particularly harsh conditions in the quarries. The motto of this place was Vernichtung durch Arbeit (Annihilation through work). Around 40.000 prisoners died here: Poles, Jews, Russians, French and Hungarians. This part of the tour is with live guide – Book tickets

Subcarpathia (Podkarpackie)

Subcarpathia

Subcarpathia – updated 21 January 2023.

Subcarpathia (Podkarpackie) is located in the south-eastern corner of Poland and has the city of Rzeszów as its administrative capital. The region is one of the greenest provinces in Poland with nearly 36% of the area being protected. The region is home to the breath-taking Bieszczady Mountains, which offer endless opportunities for hiking, skiing, and exploring the great outdoors. The San River also runs through the region, providing opportunities for rafting and fishing.

National & Landscape Parks

Within Subcarpathia, there are two National Parks (all of Bieszczady National Park, and parts of Magura National Park) and eleven Landscape Parks.

Bieszczady National Park

Tourist trails

Whilst exploring the region, you’ll find hundreds of kilometres of tourist trails. The area is extremely popular with hikers who come to the province to enjoy the scenery and fauna, which includes lynxes, wildcats, wisents and golden eagles to name a few.

Cycling

There are over 1,750 kilometres of cycling routes with varied levels of difficulty in Subcarpathia. Experienced cyclists are attracted by the routes in the Bieszczady, Low Beskid and Slonne Mountains. The Green Velo Eastern Cycling Trail is popular with beginners and families with children.

Cycling in Poland

Tourist attractions

There are many tourist attractions in the province including historic and heritage sites. The Wooden Architecture Route comprises 9 trails and has a total length of 1202 km. It leads to 127 landmarks of wooden architecture, such as churches, tserkvas, open-air expositions, complexes of small-town buildings, manor houses and palaces. Of particular notice are the jewels of wooden architecture recognized by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.

Castles & Palaces

Lovers of castles and palaces will not be disappointed, the region has many including Lancut Castle and the fairy tale Krasiczyn Castle.

Krasiczyn Castle

Krasiczyn Castle

Krasiczyn Castle is more of a palace come stately home than a castle and is beautifully photogenic, the kind of place where young girls dream of marrying their Prince Charming. Whitewashed walls, turrets and an arcaded courtyard all help to give Krasiczyn that Cinderella feeling.

The City of Glass

No trip to Subcarpathia is complete without a visit to Krosno, known as, “The City of Glass”. Check out the Glass Heritage Centre. In the past each and every Polish household had some glassware from Krosna in their home.

Holy Cross (Swietokrzyskie)

Holy Cross Province

Holy Cross – updated 18 January 2023.

The Holy Cross (Swietokrzyskie) region in Poland is a picturesque area located in the south-central part of the country. It is named after the Holy Cross Mountains, a range of low hills that run through the region. The region is known for its natural beauty, rich history, and cultural heritage.

Holy Cross Province

Nature reserves

The Holy Cross Mountains are a popular destination for hikers and outdoor enthusiasts. The area is home to several nature reserves, including the Holy Cross National Park, which is home to a diverse array of plant and animal life.

Łysa Góra

Łysa Góra at 595 m is the second highest mountain in the region and is known locally as Święty Krzyż (Mount Holy Cross). If you believe local folk legend, during Pagan times, witches practiced their dark arts on Mount Łysiec. The mountain is also home to The Sanctuary of The Holy Cross Wood Relic. Today, you can see remains of a 9th century stone rampart surrounding the top of the mountain in addition to the Benedictine monastery with its Relics of the Holy Cross Tree. The 1000-year-old monastery is managed by the Missionary Oblates.

Kielce

Kielce

The region is also known for its rich cultural heritage. The city of Kielce, the capital of the region, is home to several historic buildings and monuments, including the Kielce Cathedral and the Baroque-style Bishop’s Palace. The city is also home to the Museum of Holy Cross Region, which showcases the region’s history and culture.

Traditional crafts

The Holy Cross region is also known for its traditional crafts, such as pottery, weaving, and woodcarving. Visitors to the area can find a wide variety of handmade goods at local markets and shops. The region is also known for its delicious cuisine, which features traditional dishes such as pierogi (dumplings) and bigos (stew).

Industry and commerce

In addition to its natural beauty and cultural heritage, the Holy Cross region is also an important center of industry and commerce. The region is home to several large manufacturing companies, including the Kielce Industrial Park, which is home to several leading companies in the automotive and electronics industries.

Cultural heritage

Despite its industrial development, the Holy Cross region remains a relatively undiscovered destination in Poland. Visitors to the area will find a unique blend of natural beauty, rich history, and cultural heritage that makes it a great destination for those looking to explore off the beaten path.

In conclusion, the Holy Cross region of Poland is a hidden gem that offers a unique blend of natural beauty, rich history, and cultural heritage. The Holy Cross Mountains, the nature reserves, and the historic sites in the area are perfect for outdoor enthusiasts, while the traditional crafts and delicious cuisine of the region are perfect for those looking to experience the local culture. The region’s industrial development also makes it an important center of commerce in Poland. It’s a destination that should not be missed for those who are interested in exploring Poland.

See the top 10 things to do in Kielce.

FAQ

Q: What is the Holy Cross (Swietokrzyskie) region in Poland known for?

A: The region is known for its natural beauty, rich history, and cultural heritage. The Holy Cross Mountains, nature reserves, and historic sites in the area are popular destinations for outdoor enthusiasts, while the traditional crafts and delicious cuisine of the region are popular among those interested in experiencing the local culture. The region is also an important center of industry and commerce in Poland.

Q: What are some popular things to do in the Holy Cross region?

A: Popular activities in the region include hiking in the Holy Cross Mountains, visiting nature reserves and historic sites, exploring traditional crafts and local cuisine, and visiting the Kielce Industrial Park to learn about the region’s industrial development.

Q: What are some popular traditional crafts in the Holy Cross region?

A: Traditional crafts in the region include pottery, weaving, and woodcarving. Visitors to the area can find a wide variety of handmade goods at local markets and shops.

Q: What are some popular dishes in the Holy Cross region?

A: Popular dishes in the region include pierogi (dumplings) and bigos (stew). The region is also known for its delicious cuisine and traditional dishes.

Q: How can I get to the Holy Cross region?

A: The region is located in south-central Poland. The main city of the region is Kielce, which can be reached by train or bus from other major cities in Poland. The region is also easily accessible by car and has good road connections.

Q: Are there any nature reserves in the Holy Cross region?

A: Yes, there are several nature reserves in the region, including the Holy Cross National Park which is home to a diverse array of plant and animal life. The park is also home to several historic sites.

Opole (Opolskie)

Opole

Opole – updated 21 January 2023.

Opole, also known as Opolskie, is a charming and historic region located in the southwestern part of Poland. The region is known for its picturesque landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and friendly locals.

Opole (Opolskie) is Poland’s smallest province at just 9,400 square kilometres; however, it packs a punch for its size and is a treasure trove of attractions for tourists. The province is rich in culture with famous castles and palaces, lots of historical sites and an abundance of beautiful lakes and rivers.

Opole

City of Opole

One of the highlights of the Opole region is its capital city, also called Opole. The city is home to a number of historic landmarks, including the Gothic-style Cathedral of the Holy Cross and the Renaissance-style Town Hall. Visitors can also enjoy a stroll along the scenic Oder River, which runs through the city.

Opole Song Festival

The Opole region is also famous for its rich folklore and traditional culture. Visitors can experience this first-hand by attending one of the many festivals and events that take place throughout the year, such as the Opole Song Festival, which is held every June and features performances by some of the best Polish and international artists.

Towns & villages

The Opole region is also home to a number of picturesque villages and towns that are worth visiting. Some popular options include the medieval town of Brzeg, the spa town of Krapkowice, and the charming village of Kędzierzyn-Koźle.

Outdoor activities

Outdoor enthusiasts will also find plenty to do in the Opole region. The region boasts a number of hiking and cycling trails, as well as the stunning Karkonosze National Park, which is a great spot for nature lovers.

Ethnic Germans

Opole is located in southern Poland and around 15% of the one million inhabitants of the voivodeship are ethnic Germans (that’s 90% of all ethnic Germans in Poland). Ethnic Germans first came to this region during the Late Middle Ages because the area was once part of the Prussian province of Silesia. As a result, the German language is co-official in 28 communes.

Landscape Parks

Opole province is a green region and has the warmest climate in the country. It has three Landscape Parks, Opawskie Mountains, Góra Świętej Anny and Stobrawa and three large lakes, Turawskie, Nyskie, and Otmuchów. Lake Turawskie can be reached by bicycle from Opole and is an ideal location for boating or kitesurfing, fishing for pikeperch or birdwatching from the lake’s sandbanks or lagoons.

Lake Nyskie

Lake Nyskie, a reservoir on the River Nysa Kłodzka with a view onto the Opawskie Mountains and Czechia’s Rychlebské hory, is the perfect place for sunbathing, camping, angling and boating, particularly during summer season.

Tourist attractions

Popular tourist attractions in the region include the Silesian castle in Brzeg, built during the reign of the Piast dynasty, the Franciscan monastery on top of Saint Anne Mountain and the medieval defence fortifications in Paczków (referred to as the Upper Silesian Carcassonne).

Opole

Museum of the Silesian Piasts

The Silesian castle in Brzeg was initially a stronghold. Today it is the Museum of the Silesian Piasts, among other exhibits, the museum houses Europe’s largest collection of gravestones of a single dynasty.

Knights Templar

Another castle of note is the fairy-tale castle in Moszna; which was allegedly once inhabited by the Knights Templar.

JuraPark Krasiejów

JuraPark Krasiejów is the world’s only museum standing on an active palaeontological dig and here you can take a journey back in time and view almost 200 models of 70 species of Mesozoic amphibians and reptiles. The Palaeontological Pavilion houses Europe’s biggest fossils from Triassic amphibians and reptiles, viewed through the glass floor.

Łambinowice

The Central Museum of Prisoners of War in Łambinowice  is a unique place commemorating the prisoners of the three POW camps that operated within the local military training ground. The first camp was set up by the Prussians for French POWs during the Franco-Prussian War. During World War II, one of the biggest Wehrmacht POW camp complexes existed here: Stalag VIII B, Stalag 318/VIII F and Stalag 344. After the war, part of the complex was used by the Polish Security Service (SB) as a labour camp where Germans and Silesians were held before being displaced from Poland and former members of Nazi organisations were imprisoned.

Wooden Religious Architecture Trail

The Wooden Religious Architecture Trail will take you from Opole across Opole Silesia to a total of twelve charming old churches, among them a top-class historical site: St. Anne’s Pilgrimage Church which is based on the outline of a five-petal rose.

Dining & shopping

In addition to these attractions, the Opole region also offers a variety of dining and shopping options. Visitors can enjoy traditional Polish cuisine, as well as international flavors, in the region's many restaurants and cafes. The region is also known for its local handicrafts, including pottery and woodcarvings, which can be found in the region's many markets and shops.

Overall, the Opole region is a great destination for anyone looking to experience the best of Poland's culture, history, and natural beauty. Whether you're interested in exploring historic landmarks, immersing yourself in traditional culture, or enjoying the great outdoors, you're sure to find something to love in this charming region.